The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe Das päpstliche Lehramt auf dem Prüfstand der Geschichte: Franz Hürth SJ als „Holy Ghostwriter“ von Pius XI. The characterizations of the protagonists of his drama are vivid. [7], Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography, "The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe", "2015 Pulitzer Winners: Charleston, S.C., Paper Wins Public Service Prize; New York Times Wins 3", "How a Pope Helped Mussolini Rise to Power And tried to stop him before it was too late", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Pope_and_Mussolini&oldid=984567042, Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography-winning works, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 October 2020, at 20:06. One was scholarly and devout, the other thuggish and profane. The pontificate of Pius XI coincided with the early aftermath of the First World War. PULITZER PRIZE WINNER • NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE From National Book Award finalist David I. Kertzer comes the gripping story of Pope Pius XI’s secret relations with Italian dictator Benito Muss… When David Kertzer's Pulitzer Prize-winning study The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe appeared under the German title The First Deputy, expectations were raised: Will we now also have to revise the image of Pius XI? Yet they also had traits in common. : Franz Hrth SJ als "Holy Ghostwriter" von Pius XI. Pius XI became pope, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, on February 6, 1922, after the death of Benedict XV. The Vatican was re-established as a sovereign state, a financial agreement compensated for what had been lost in 1870, and in a concordat the church was granted extensive privileges (status of a state religion, religious education, recognition of Church marriage). The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe . . CU Pope Pius XI. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe is a 2014 Pulitzer Prize winner biography of Pope Pius XI about his relations with Benito Mussolini and rise of Fascism in Europe by David Kertzer. Pope Pius XI (Latin: Pius PP. In a spiritual sense, we are all Semites.” In Mussolini's circle, there was fear of a public condemnation of racial politics by the Church leader. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe. It will not waste your time. The Pope and Mussolini NPR coverage of The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe by David I. Kertzer. His followers brutalized priests and Catholic laypeople who opposed fascism. by Kertzer, David I. : Franz Hrth SJ als "Holy Ghostwriter" von Pius XI. Neither side, however, risked the utmost, the termination of the Concordat. In order to reach an agreement with the regime, Pius XI—who was in office from 1922-1939—withdrew his protective hand from the Catholic People's Party. Afterwards the situation eased somewhat, but there were repeated conflicts between Pius XI and Mussolini, who despised each other deeply. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe is a 2014 Pulitzer Prize winner biography of Pope Pius XI about his relations with Benito Mussolini and rise of Fascism in Europe by David Kertzer. 45,00€ 3: Requiem: XI. In 1937, he had advised him against condemning the National Socialist persecution of the Church in an encyclical. Kertzer presents an excitingly written book that is charming in its contradiction. Yet Pius XI and “Il Duce” had many things in common. He felt he had to warn him about the pact with “Signor Hitler, the greatest enemy of Christ and the Church in the modern age.”. One was scholarly and devout, the other a violent bully. Kertzer begins in the year 1918. Pope Pius XII, who had been highly respected until then, became a man who was accused of keeping silent in the face of the Holocaust. "The New York Review of Books states, "Revelatory . Quia Pius es Der erste Stellvertreter: Pius XI. Quia Pius es Der erste Stellvertreter: Pius XI. Pius XI is judged to be too malicious in many respects. EDITORIAL NOTE: Our special thanks go out to Professor Ulrich Lehner for putting us in touch with Professor Ernesti. Mussolini was an atheist. Pius XI leaving Castel Gandolfo. Although Mussolini and Pope Pius XI were an odd couple, they healed this breach. The Pope and Mussolini tells the story of two men who came to power in 1922, and together changed the course of twentieth-century history. At that point, however, Mussolini changed course on the question of religion. The compelling story of Pope Pius XI's secret relations with Benito Mussolini. The discussion about his legacy continues to this very day. Both demanded unquestioned obedience from their subordinates, whose knees literally quaked in fear of provoking their wrath. Kertzer shows how the relationship between Pope Pius XI and Benito Mussolini played into the rise of Fascism and anti-Semitism. The book examined documentary evidence from the Vatican archives, arguing that Pope Pius XI played a significant role in supporting the rise of Fascism and Benito Mussolini in Italy, but not of Nazism in Germany. These fears were not unfounded: In fact, he commissioned an encyclical condemning racism and anti-Semitism. The author traces the long-standing tensions that now broke out. Incidentally, the original English title of the book reflects the content much more accurately: because, unlike in the German title, there was no “First Deputy.”. Both had explosive tempers. Both sacrificed principle to achieve their goals. Mussolini and Cardinal Gasparri signing Concordat. Afterwards the situation eased somewhat, but there were repeated conflicts between Pius XI and Mussolini, who despised each other deeply. The play was almost immediately translated into English in 1964 as The Deputy. Tell him if he doesn't change his behavior, it will end badly for him.” Early on, the Pope was concerned that Mussolini would chain himself to Hitler, for better or worse. His death alone prevented its publication. Both men were headstrong adversaries who cooperated as needed. —Rolf Hochhuth, opening stage directions of The Deputy. In the following four years the political system was brought into line. The German playwright Rolf Hochhuth started a worldwide avalanche when he published the play Der Stellvertreter in 1963. The Pope reacted in 1931 with a sharp encyclical, Quadragesimo Anno: On the Reconstruction of the Social Order. In the East, the Soviet Union arose. For the sake of narrative style, accuracy in detail also suffers. pope and mussolini secret history of pius xi rise fascism in europe david i kertzer can be one of the options to accompany you like having additional time. They shared a distrust of democracy and a visceral hatred of Communism. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe Das päpstliche Lehramt auf dem Prüfstand der Geschichte: Franz Hürth SJ als „Holy Ghostwriter“ von Pius XI. They shared a distrust of democracy and a visceral hatred of Communism. : Franz Hrth SJ als "Holy Ghostwriter" von Pius XI. When Mussolini became prime minister, in October 1922, the new pope, Pius XI, knew he had a politician with whom he could deal. By January 1923 Mussolini … June 09, 2020, The Nuncio resided in Berlin throughout the Hitler era. In most respects, they could not have been more different. Jörg Ernesti is Professor of Church History at the University of Augsburg in Germany. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe: 16,17€ 2: Das päpstliche Lehramt auf dem Prüfstand der Geschichte: Franz Hürth SJ als „Holy Ghostwriter“ von Pius XI. The king of the media is assigned the role of an extra. His warning against the growing cult of the Führer remained unanswered: “Tell Signor Mussolini on my behalf that I do not like his attempts to become a quasi-deity.” People would “sooner or later smash their images of gods. In most respects, they could not have been more different. Both bristled at the charge of being the patsy of the other. Price: $14.99. The Pope and Mussolini tells the story of two men who came to power in 1922, and together changed the course of twentieth-century history. The book marvelously illustrates the larger issues as they played out on very personal levels, from Vatican backstabbing to Mussolini's family relationships. [6], The biography won the 2015 Pulitzer Prize in Drama, Letter and Music category of Biography or Autobiography. A Journal of the McGrath Institute for Church Life, by Jörg Ernesti Although Italy was on the winning side, the post-war years here were marked by social unrest and political instability. It would seem that anyone who holds a responsible post for any length of time under an autocrat--whether it be Hitler or Pius XII--surrenders his own personality. "[5] Historian Paul Gottfried criticized the book for being overly critical of the Church. . [1] The book examined documentary evidence from the Vatican archives, arguing that Pope Pius XI played a significant role in supporting the rise of Fascism and Benito Mussolini in Italy, but not of Nazism in Germany. Mussolini leaving. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe Das päpstliche Lehramt auf dem Prüfstand der Geschichte: Franz Hürth SJ als „Holy Ghostwriter“ von Pius XI. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe (Hörbuch-Download): Amazon.de: David I. Kertzer, Stefan Rudnicki, Random House Audio: Audible Audiobooks From a scientific point of view, this is certainly not the last word on Pius XI and his epoch. The calculus of the "Duce" worked out: In foreign policy the agreement increased its prestige, and in the country itself Catholics identified themselves with the system to a degree hardly thought possible. The old European monarchies had been largely swept away and a new and precarious order formed across the continent. This is a sophisticated blockbuster." One was scholarly and devout, the other thuggish and profane. Two leaders came to power in 1922 in Rome, Achille Ratti was elevated to the papacy as Pius XI, and Benito Mussolini was appointed Italian prime minister. He had been born on May 31, 1857 is Desio, Italy. [2], The Pope and Mussolini won the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. XI; Italian: Pio XI; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti, was Pope from 6 February 1922, and sovereign of Vatican City from its creation as an independent state on 11 February 1929 until his death on 10 February 1939. He knows how to build up tension and keep it up to the last page. But with the treaty no peace returned to the relationship between Church and state. . [a] detailed portrait. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe, Quadragesimo Anno: On the Reconstruction of the Social Order, The Materialistic Civilization That Now Prevails in the West Has Consequences. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism, furthermore, is not only meticulously documented, it is very well written. These concerned above all the lay organizations organized in the Catholic Action, which were harassed by the fascist black shirts. Again and again the Pope expressed his uneasiness: “It is impossible that Christians follow anti-Semitism . Requiem: XI. Both Pope Pius XI and Mussolini came to power in Rome in 1922. Mussolini demanded absolute power and the pope demanded a dominant position for the Church. : Franz Hrth SJ als "Holy Ghostwriter" von Pius XI. It is hard to say how a man with so likable a face could, in good conscience, reconcile himself to the continuance of the Concordat between the Curia and the Government of the Third Reich, even when Catholic Jews were deported. Neither side, however, risked the utmost, the termination of the Concordat. Pius XI on balcony blessing people. From Stand-Off to Confrontation: Pope Pius XII and Mussolini, 1938-1943 By Harry Schnitker, Ph.D. * The relationship between the Catholic Church in … He is described as quick-tempered, stubborn and imperious, but ultimately as weak in assertiveness. Pius’s pontificate soon witnessed the rise to power of Benito Mussolini, who signed (February 11, 1929) with him the Lateran Treaty that allowed the existence of … The pontiff did not publicly protest against the nationwide collection of wedding rings that were melted-down in support of the conquest of Abyssinia, which was contrary to international law. Pius XI died on February 10th, 1939, just after finishing the address he hoped to deliver to the Italian bishops on the tenth anniversary of the Lateran Pact. und Pius XII. In the election of 1921, the fascists only elected 35 deputies in an Italian parliament of 352 members. Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. A ground-breaking work, based on seven years of research in the Vatican and Fascist archives by US National Book Award-finalist David Kertzer, it will forever change our understanding of the Vatican's role in … … und Pius XII. Just invest little mature to log on this on-line pronouncement the pope and mussolini Page 3/9. Kertzer clearly draws the picture of the dubious Jesuit Tacchi Venturi, who served as an intermediary between the Pope and the "Duce". But we know today that it was the Cardinal who in 1937 asked the Archbishop of Munich, Faulhaber, for a draft of the encyclical “With Burning Concern.” He expanded it and intensified it in tone. Yet Pius XI and “Il Duce” had many things in common. und Pius XII. Its leader, Don Luigi Sturzo, had to go into exile. For the sake of the conciseness of this thesis he exaggerates up to the limits of seriousness. The Pope and Mussolini tells the story of two men who came to power in 1922, and together changed the course of twentieth-century history. Mussolini, a failed assistant teacher, anti-clerical journalist and ex-socialist, had effectively seized power in 1922. A telling example: Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio Pacelli, later Pius XII, is consistently portrayed as the driving force that prevented the Pope from taking tougher action against fascists and Nazis. In the Vatican the opportunity was recognized to solve the difficult “Roman question,” which since the destruction of the Papal States in 1870 had burdened the relationship between state and church. June 08, 2020 |
University of Notre Dame, McGrath Institute for Church Life
[4], The book was lauded by many authors including Joseph J. Ellis, who wrote, "Kertzer has an eye for a story, an ear for the right word, and an instinct for human tragedy. The Church made advances on several fronts in the 1920s, improvin… By November 8, 1938 at the latest he must have witnessed with his own eyes the acts of terror committted against the Jewish citizens of Germany. Requiem: XI. Thus David Kertzer says, for instance: “Cardinal Pacelli remained Mussolini's most powerful ally in the Vatican.” One misses differentiations: A concordat is not a "secret pact" and does not imply the approval of a certain form of rule by the Vatican, but only seeks to secure its own legal position. Cardinal Robert Sarah on the consequences of the dictatorship of noise. One was scholarly and devout, the other thuggish and profane. The Italian racial laws (1938) finally led to a breaking test of relations. That text dealt harshly with Nazism and Fascism and was written in solitude. Pius XI was often enough confronted with Church representatives who were too accommodating to the regime, even at his own Curia. What is new with The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe is at best the intensification of the information to a concise thesis. His reign as pope coincided with the rise of fascism, including the dictatorships of Benito Mussolini in Italy, Adolph Hitler in Germany, and General Francisco Franco in Spain. In most respects, they could not have been more different. In Italy, the Fascist dictator Benito Mussolinitook power, while in Germany, the fragile Weimar Republic collapsed with the Nazi seizure of power. . Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. In most respects, they could not have been more different. [3], It is the story of Pope Pius XI’s relations with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, based on archival material from both. His reign was one of busy diplomatic activity for the Vatican. und Pius XII. 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