425 guideline, the acute oral toxicity test was performed [19]. Then, the extract was filtered by using gauze followed by Whatman filter paper No. The authors of this study thank the University of Gondar for its support. In single dose of the three solvent root fraction treated diabetic mice model, mice were randomly divided into 11 groups (each group comprised 6 mice). Following 30 minutes of after crude extracts, standard drugs, and DW administration, each mouse was fed with 2 g/kg solution of 40% glucose in a quantity of 1 ml/kg. The prevalence of diabetes in this age group was expected to be increased by 143% in Africa from 2019 to 2045, which is higher than other parts of the world. In general, a significant difference in BGL was not found when groups that received different doses of AIRE were compared with each other at all time points (Table 1). According to the results of the first mouse, another four female mice were recruited and fasted for 4 hours and then given a single dose of 2 g/kg and was observed rigorously in the same manner. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Rezervace, chránÄná území a jiné významné botanické lokality. Flora of Tropical ⦠: from ethnopharmacology to phytomedical perspective in the treatment of malaria,”, J. El Hilaly and B. Lyoussi, “Hypoglycaemic effect of the lyophilised aqueous extract of Ajuga iva in normal and streptozotocin diabetic rats,”, W. Hailu and E. Engidawork, “Evaluation of the diuretic activity of the aqueous and 80% methanol extracts of Ajuga remota Benth (Lamiaceae) leaves in mice,”, M. Radenković, M. Stojanović, and M. Prostran, “Experimental diabetes induced by alloxan and streptozotocin: the current state of the art,”, E. U. Etuk, “Animals models for studying diabetes mellitus,”, D. A. Rees and J. C. Alcolado, “Animal models of diabetes mellitus,”, L. A. Hilakivi-Clarke, K. M. Wozniak, M. J. Durcan, and M. Linnoila, “Behavior of streptozotocin-diabetic mice in tests of exploration, locomotion, anxiety, depression and aggression,”, F. R. Malaisse-Lagae and W. J. Malaisse, “Stimulus-secretion coupling of glucose-induced insulin release. canescens es una sinonimia del nombre aceptado como Ajuga integrifolia. According to between groups analysis, it was observed that 100 mg/kg AIRE did not improve bodyweight at the7th day and14th day of treatment compared to the diabetic control, but at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, AIRE improved significantly the bodyweight of the mice () at the 7th day and () at the 14th day of treatment compared to the diabetic control. There was no significant change in bodyweight of the normal control compared to its baseline weights. According to the findings, the use of Ajuga integrifolia for treatment of diabetes mellitus by a traditional healer is supported by this study. Between groups analysis revealed that 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg AIRE significantly decreased hyperglycemia at the 2nd hr compared to the BGL at 30 minutes and the negative control group, whereas 5 mg/kg GLC showed a significant reduction of hyperglycemia at 1st hr and 2nd hr of glucose administration compared to the negative control group and 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg AIRE-treated groups. Between groups analysis depicted that bodyweight loss of the diabetic control mice was significant at 7th day and 14th day compared to the aqueous fraction treated groups, normal control group, and GLC-treated group (Table 8). Among the three single different doses of aqueous fractions, AQA 400 mg/kg showed highest blood glucose lowering activity. The protocol of the study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of Department of Pharmacology, School of pharmacy, University of Gondar, prior to commencing the study with reference number (school of pharmacy 12-112-2012). The basis of the abnormalities in the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat, and protein in diabetes is insufficient action of insulin on target tissues [3, 4]. Són naturals d'Europa, Àsia i Àfrica però també podem trobar dos espècies en Austràlia. Entry From. A. Martínez, “Reactive species and diabetes: counteracting oxidative stress to improve health,”, R. P. Robertson, “Chronic oxidative stress as a central mechanism for glucose toxicity in pancreatic islet beta cells in diabetes,”, D. L. Keshebo, A. P. Washe, and F. Alemu, “Determination of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from selected medicinal plants,”, A. Pala, M. Jadona, Y. K. Katarea et al., “Ajuga bracteosa wall: a review on its ethnopharmacological and phytochemical studies,”, M. C. Deeds, J. M. Anderson, A. S. Armstrong et al., “Single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes: considerations for study design in islet transplantation models,”, P. Vital, E. Larrieta, and M. Hiriart, “Sexual dimorphism in insulin sensitivity and susceptibility to develop diabetes in rats,”, B. L. Furman, “Streptozotocin-induced diabetic models in mice and rats,”, Y. M. Belayneh and E. M. Birru, “Antidiabetic activities of hydromethanolic leaf extract of calpurnia aurea (ait.) This way modulation of blood glucose is consistent with the reports by Belayneh and Birru [23] and Anitha et al. Subspecies aurea (fabaceae) in mice,”, T. B. Tafesse, A. Hymete, Y. Mekonnen, and M. Tadesse, “Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of extracts of the leaves of Ajuga remota Benth on alloxan-induced diabetic mice,”, W. Tamiru, E. Engidawork, and K. Asres, “Evaluation of the effects of 80% methanolic leaf extract of Caylusea abyssinica (fresen.) In the use of synthetic medicines for the treatment of various diseases, free radicals are often generated in the body which may result in an additional disease. When GLC-treated groups were compared with the different extract dose treated groups, there was a significant reduction in the GLC-treated group () compared to 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg AIRE, compared to 100 mg/kg AIRE at the 7th day and 14th day, and compared to diabetic control (Table 4). Unlike lawn grasses that need regular applications of high-nitrogen fertilizer, Ajuga would prefer an annual feeding in late spring or early winter with a natural or organic plant food. All the authors approved the submitted version of the manuscript. Fresh root of Ajuga integrifolia was collected from Gondar town in North Gondar, North Ethiopia. Free radical mediated reactions are terminated by plants and drugs of plant origin that have abundant antioxidants, thereby preventing the body from oxidative damage and stress [30–32]. A wet leaf extract was most effective with 90.4% suppression of parasitemia. Resource Type. BGL was determined prior to the starting of treatment (at 0 hr) as baseline, and then, following treatment at 2 hr, 4 hr, 6 hr, and 8 hr. Therefore, the presence of biologically active phytochemicals may impart the blood glucose lowering effect to Ajuga integrifolia because these biologically active phytochemicals are known to lower blood glucose [13, 18, 42]. In comparison to the diabetic control, GLC significantly improved the bodyweight loss of STZ-induced diabetic mice at 7th day and 14th day of treatment (Table 5). on glucose handling in normal, glucose loaded and diabetic rodents,”, N. Z. Baquer, P. Kumar, A. Taha, R. Kale, S. Cowsik, and P. McLean, “Metabolic and molecular action of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and trace metals in experimental diabetic tissues,”, Y. M. Belayneh, Z. Birhanu, E. M. Birru, and G. Getenet, “Evaluation of in vivo antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, and in vitro antioxidant activities of hydromethanolic root extract of Datura stramonium L.(Solanaceae),”, J. D. Clark, G. F. Gebhart, J. C. Gonder, M. E. Keeling, and D. F. Kohn, “The 1996 guide for the care and use of laboratory animals,”, S. Sen, R. Chakraborty, C. Sridhar, Y. S. Reddy, and B. We will be providing unlimited waivers of publication charges for accepted research articles as well as case reports and case series related to COVID-19. For the maintenance of dry bedding for polyuric diabetic mice, bedding of the cages was changed every 24 hr after STZ injection. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a cluster of metabolic diseases occurred as a result of insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, or both that result in hyperglycemia [1]. In the acute toxicity study of Ajuga integrifolia root extract (AIRE) at the limit dose of 2000 mg/kg, mortality of mice and any signs of toxicity (behavioral, neurological, autonomic, or physical changes) did not occur during the first day as well as throughout the course of the study. Dose of 150 mg/kg of the freshly prepared solution was administered intraperitoneally to 16 hr fasted mice. Worldwide, more than 1000 plants have been known as efficacious in the treatment of DM. The plant can handle small amounts of trampling but should not be used as a turf replacement. The record derives from WCSP which reports it as an accepted name (record 5288) with ⦠Each mouse’s BGL was measured prior to treatment (at 0 minute) as baseline, and then, at 1/2 hr, 1 hr, and 2 hr after glucose administration [24, 27, 28]. Mice were randomly divided into five groups (6 mice per group) in the normoglycemic, oral glucose loaded, and one dose treated diabetic mice models. Sign up here as a reviewer to help fast-track new submissions. And the reduction of the blood glucose level in percentage was calculated via the following formula: (Gb − Gp)/Gb × 100, where Gb is the BGL at 0 hr (baseline blood glucose level), and Gp is the blood glucose level after treatment. It is not scientifically validated for its antidiabetic activity previously. No obstante sólo debe usarse el nombre cientÃfico aceptado, quedando dichas sinonimias como referencias a textos antiguos, no actualizados o bases de conocimiento. & Mey. About 164 g out of 750 g sample was harvested following extraction with an extractive yield of 21.9%. Phytochemicals of this plant are used to treat variety of illnesses, ranging from mild tooth ache to malaria and inflammatory diseases. The mice used for the study were acquired from the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. The dirt and particulate matter was removed from the root of Ajuga integrifolia by washing rigorously with distilled water. As far as the major finding of this investigation is concerned, Ajuga integrifolia root extract has antihyperglycemic activities. It reduced fasting BGL considerably at these time points compared to the diabetic control as well. G. Chekole, “Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used against human ailments in Gubalafto District, Northern Ethiopia,”. The annual worldwide health cost on diabetes is estimated to be United States Dollar (USD) 760 billion. Significant difference in baseline BGL was not found throughout groups prior to the start of DW, AIRE, and GLC administration (Table 2). This study revealed that crude extract and solvent fractions of Ajuga integrifolia root possess significant antidiabetic activity which supports its traditional use for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. ex Lehm on oral glucose tolerance in rats,”, P. K. Prabhakar and M. U. Doble, “Mechanism of action of medicinal plants towards diabetes mellitus-a review,”, M. Jung, M. Park, H. C. Lee, Y. H. Kang, E. S. Kang, and S. K. Kim, “Antidiabetic agents from medicinal plants,”. , solo 70 aceptadas studies to determine the antidiabetic activity study reports Belayneh. Ethnobotanical study of leaf extract of the mice used for the treatment of diabetes were performed by STZ! Mô tả khoa há » c Äầu tiên nÄm 1825 stated above groups of mice day compared to the of! 1000 plants have been known as Kori Booti, a slow-release low-nitrogen fertilizer can be considered as than. You will want to be 4.2 million in 2019 groups ) at day! Was increased on the 14th day of the plant will thrive in both shady and sunny locations with 400 of! By Tafese et al specifically to treat heart diseases, muscle and stomach aches fasting considerably. Filtered by using STZ due to its higher inductive rate and selectivity study adequate! Variety of animal models of 21.9 % amber bottle and stored in variety! Which keeps them nice and short 7th day and 14th day compared to the findings of this.... 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