Similarly, in the intervention group participants’ HbA1c values decreased significantly after the intervention, with an average change value of −0.6 (95% CI: −0.8, −0.3; Table II). which have been designed for use by small teams of between 3 and 10 people. All patients who were registered on the outpatient list at the diabetic clinic were eligible to participate in the study. Regular exercise also contributes to cardiovascular health and promotes muscle and bone development. There is no adequate evidence of which education methods are the most effective in improving clinical outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes. Perhaps the most cost-saving way for the implementation of educational and health promotion programmes for people with type 2 DM in Greece, is the use of the already existing primary healthcare structures together with the development of the existing healthcare personnel. This study has a number of limitations. In this post, we will discuss important advantages and disadvantages of health care. Our finding is also contradictory to the results of a recent systematic review that found no significant changes in BMI between group education and individual diabetes education at 6 months follow up [7]. Additionally, the study sample is not representative of the general population for people with Type 2 DM, and as a result it is not possible to generalize the conclusions reached in this study, as they were patients of the Diabetic Outpatient Clinic at the Health Centre, had known the research team for a long time, lived in the particular area, a small town near the capital of Greece, had existing social networks and their own community culture. Hello, If we are asked in a task 2 writing question to discuss both views of a topic and to give our opinion, should we tackle our opinion first and. Participants’ HbA1c values were significantly lower in the control group 6 months after the intervention, with an average change value of −0.5 (95% CI: −1.4, −0.3). Risk factor changes (HbA1c, ΒΜΙ, tryglycerides, HDL and LDL) for participants before and after the intervention between and within groups. [12] point out that BMI also decreased significantly for patients with type 2 DM after attending a four-session course using CM group education. The group education was facilitated by two trained health visitors who were permanent staff at the diabetes outpatient clinic of the health centre and members of the research team. Focus groups are facilitated group discussions. Implementation, maintenance and expansion of such programmes in the healthcare sector could constitute one of the most significant structural changes in Greece. According to the results of our study, only HDL presented a significant difference between the two groups. It is worth mentioning that the intervention group of this study had lower HbA1c levels before the intervention which means that there was perhaps small room for improvement. Shaping group norms that value a healthy lifestyle. Social support groups provide mutual aid and self-help for people facing chronic disease, life-threatening illness and dependency issues (Cline, 1999). In group education, health visitors acted as facilitators of group discussions regarding the specific topics. Carry out a focus group study if you want to understand people’s views and experiences. This study was conducted in the Health Centre of the Primary Healthcare Clinic in the City of Markopoulo, 25 km outside Athens, the capital of Greece. In a recent study in Greece, where educational sessions for people with type 2 DM were conducted in groups, medium weight loss was achieved without being statistically significant [19]. Recordings for HbA1C were conducted by an analyst (DMC 2000) at the clinic. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most costly chronic diseases worldwide. Absolute (Ν) and relative (%) frequencies were used for the description of categorical variables. After 6 months, significant differences in changes of the studied parameters were observed between the groups in HbA1c, 1.4 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.7), (P < 0.001) and HDL −4.4 (95% CI: −8.1, −0.8), (P < 0.001) in favour of group education. All rights reserved. The facilitator is the person guiding the discussion. Regarding the intervention group, all groups’ education (19 groups) lasted from May to September 2012. There was no statistical difference in the change in BMI between the two groups. Choosing Effective Health Education Tools To Reach Your Patients 2014 Midwest Stream Farmworker Health Forum ... Health literacy requires a complex group of reading, listening, analytical and decision-making skills and the ability to apply these skills to health situations. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 382 million people had diabetes in 2013 and this number is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035, while 175 million people remain undiagnosed. A systematic review of alcohol education programs for young people: do these programs change behavior? According to the National Association for Sport and Physical Education, school PE programs should require both fitness and cogn… Shaping personal values and beliefs that support healthy behaviors. The mean participants’ age and gender did not differ significantly between the two groups. Group therapy sessions are led by one or more psychologists with specialized training, who teach group members proven strategies for managing specific problems. The educational techniques they used included brain storming, group discussion, questions and answers and scenario analysis. Analysis from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. : a randomized controlled trial, Development of a diabetes education program based on modified AADE Diabetes education curriculum, Impact of the “Conversation Map” tools on understanding of diabetes by Spanish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized comparative study, Diabetes education through group classes leads to better care and outcomes than individual counseling in adults. In each educational meeting, the respective CM was put on a large table and the participants, together with the facilitator, sat around it. Can improve friendships and students abilities to socialize 3. Protects Employees and Employers: Its major advantage is to obtain coverage for health for all the employees. This material is the product of a 3-year international collaboration between the Pharmaceutical Company Lilly and the company Healthy Interactions that works worldwide on health education, as well as the European Branch of the ΙDF [14]. Learning about new subjects and becoming proficient in a skill can help a child (or an adult) grow exponentially. However, a higher number of participants with a low educational level (6–9 years of school) (P = 0.050), with less years since diabetes diagnosis (P = 0.035) and with a lower mean value of HbA1c (P < 0.001) participated significantly in the intervention group. Advantages of Group Health Insurance: 1. The educational material consists of four visual maps (CMs) sized 91, 44 cm × 152, 4 cm. Also, another study comparing changes in total cholesterol and triglycerides found no significant differences between the group based and individual education for people with type 2 diabetes [7]. Secured life: The eligibility criteria included: people diagnosed with type 2 DM, living in the region, aged 18 and over, who did not suffer from hypertension or other serious diseases (heart, stroke, kidney or mental disease), did not take insulin, had not developed any complications, spoke and comprehended the Greek language sufficiently and were willing to participate. In order to evaluate and compare the two groups we conducted the following measurements in relation to the biochemical markers and BMI. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. What are the Advantages of Education? The intervention group participants, who instead of receiving the standard care attended an educational programme, were divided into 19 groups (3–8 people per group) and each group attended a 6-h educational programme, 2 h per week each, and spread, in three sessions, over a period of 3 weeks. Also, according to the same study, significant changes were observed in fasting blood glucose in 12 months (P = 0.000), diabetes knowledge in 6 months (P = 0.000) and self-management skills in 6 months (P = 0.015) self-efficacy/empowerment in 6 months (P = 0.012) as well as weight in 12 months (P = 0.021) [7]. Longer monitoring periods of 12 or 24 months would provide more information on the long-term effects of educational interventions. The U.S. Department of Labor's Health Benefits Education Campaign focuses on life and work events, such as marriage, childbirth, job loss, or retirement, and how they affect employees' health benefit choices. Our findings show that diabetes is better regulated in patients who attended group education. [20] reported that there was no statistically significant reduction of BMI between the intervention and control group. Advantages 1. The most important advantage of health care is the monetary. Finally, social support offered by the group has most likely contributed to achieving better results. In the control group, HDL was significantly reduced whereas LDL also significantly decreased. Specific objectives of the study include evaluation of: The changes in the lipidemic profile [triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL)]. The time spent with the instructor appears to affect Α1 c reduction. Moreover, Hwee et al. Health professionals in the primary healthcare sector should be more responsive to the needs of people with type 2 DM and trained to facilitate groups of patients effectively. Group therapy for mental health treatment can be just what the doctor ordered to help you better cope. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Also, the Director of the Markopoulo Health Centre approved this study (Prot. Both group and individual interventions also showed improvements in body weight, … !hehe, im still youth. The sample size of this study was determined at 10% of the total number of people attending the Diabetic Clinic the previous year (2200 individuals). (Eds). 28.5% of all participants (Ν = 55) constituted the control group and the remaining 71.5% (Ν = 138) the intervention group. Working in a group is an effective and powerful way to learn, and is highly relevant to the work type and workplace. The findings of this study indicate that, compared with individual education, a short group educational programme with the use of the Conversation Maps ‘Learning About Diabetes’ may improve HbA1c, and HDL in people with type 2 DM. Methods and techniques of patients’ education may constitute an important part of effectiveness. As follows are the top advantages of having a good education. Another study in Spain and Germany, comparing the effectiveness of CMs versus standard care of adults with type 2 diabetes, concluded that clinical outcomes improved in 6 months in both groups (CMs and control) and countries [13]. The advantages and disadvantages of group therapy must be addressed on an individualized level for them to be effective. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 and analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software (version 17.0). These days cassette player or tape recorder is commonly used media. According to our findings, group educational intervention constitutes a more effective method compared with providing individual information in the context of the Health Centre in order to improve BMI and HDL. However, it seems that group education can serve a larger number of people, with no extra health personnel requirements and reduced cost. Different cassettes can be recorded with different health messages and be used according to the need and interest of the audience group. Provides students with social support they may need to learn 5. Useful for Employee’s Wellbeing: Group health insurance policies play a crucial role in securing the health … Within groups, participants in the control group only improved HbA1c and LDL and decreased HDL while participants in the intervention group improved most of the parameters that were measured (HbA1c, ΒΜΙ, triglycerides and LDL). A randomized controlled trial, Nurse case management to improve glycemic control in diabetic patients in a health maintenance organization, Effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, Applying Conversation Maps program as a Nutrition Education Program for Type II Diabetic Patients at Al Noor Hospital-Makkah-Saudi Arabia (2014), Implementation and effectiveness of the first community lifestyle intervention programme to prevent Type 2 diabetes in Greece. Not everyone benefits from a group scenario, but for some people, 1-on-1 therapy sessions are not beneficial either. Additionally, 6 months after the intervention, the increase in the percentage of people with HbA1c <7 mmol/mol was statistically significant only in the intervention group (Ν = 27, 28.7% before and Ν = 4, 3.8% after) (P < 0.001). From May to September 2012 of having patient meet and discuss with other. 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