Bakelite is an old trade name for Phenolic thermoset plastic which was developed by Leo Bakeland about 100 years ago. It is cheaper than silk but can be woven like silk fibres. State two uses of melamine. It remains crisp and easy to wash. The materials which are not easily decomposed by natural processes are called non- biodegradable materials. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) When talking about polymers of commercial importance we must discuss PVC. (D) Ashtray (C) Polythene (B) Nekamine Answer: (b) petrochemicals, Nylon was the first fully synthetic fiber. Thus, the handle is made of plastic while the bristles are made of nylon. Answer: The raw materials for synthetic fibres are mainly petrochemicals such as coal. B. rayon (e) Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic which is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. A. nylon B. melamine State the important properties of nylon. Cellulose is made up of a large number of glucose units. Rayon is obtained by the chemical treatment of wood pulp or cellulose. Plastics are poor conductors of heat and electricity and can be used for making handles of frying pans. The synthetic polymer which can be used as a substitute for wool for making sweaters and shawls, etc. Question 72. It does not get completely burnt easily. State the characteristics of synthetic fibres. Answer: It was prepared from coal, water and air. It is used widely in making electrical goods such as switches, plugs, handles of various utensils. Coming from Engineering cum Human Resource Development background, has over 10 years experience in content developmet and management. Bakelite was used for many things when it first came to light. PET is a very familiar form of polyester. Question 17. Question 64. Rayon is the man-made fibre which is regarded as artificial silk. (c) Bakelite is used for making handles of frying pans. PET is used for making bottles, utensils, films and wires. Give one use of Teflon. What are the various types of plastics? Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic which is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. It was prepared from coal, water and air. Such small units combine to form a large single unit called a polymer. It does not react with water and air. B. nylon Cotton is a natural fibre. Resin products no better than bakelite from a health viewpoint are used everywhere these days. These units are made of chemical substances. Question 52 B. Ever wondered why the plastic Bakelite was used to make those bangles and chess pieces? 14. State the uses of PET. What is nylon? Acrylic is a synthetic fibre which appears to resemble wool. Hence, a polymer is made of many repeating units. D. nylon cotton, nylon, terylene, wool, Pet, acrylic (c) Like synthetic fibres, plastic is also a ………… Answer: Give one use of Teflon. This is can be reduced by use paper or jute bag. Name any two synthetic fibres. Therefore, we must avoid the use of plastic as much as possible. For example, Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic which is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. (c) Which fibre (A, B or C) is prepared from a natural raw material? For example, peels of vegetables and fruits, cotton clothes, wood and paper are biodegradable substances. A. both are non-biodegradable A polymer is made of many repeating units. Is it possible to add recycled plastic to bakelite? Question 12. C. nylon Answer: Answer: For example, Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic which is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. The non-stick coating on frying pans is that of a plastic called: Question 59. (c) which material is used as a substitute for wool? Give two examples of thermosetting plastics. Bakelite was used for many things when it first came to light. D. polyester Answer: For example, polycot is a mixture of polyester and cotton. Following are the ways to save the environment from excessive plastic wastes: Question 48. Should the handle and bristles of a toothbrush be made of the same type of plastic material? A combination of two different initiators is often used to give a uniform rate of polymerization. Question 1. It is used for making sweaters and tracksuits and also for the linings of boots and gloves. Bakelite requires two monomers- phenol and formaldehyde. It is used for nonstick coating on cook wares. It is lustrous and easy to wash. D. polyvinyl chloride (d) PET is a material used as a substitute for glass. It can also be mixed with wool to make carpets. (a) Plastic is non-biodegradable. The clothes of a person working in the kitchen catch fire accidently causing severe burns. Plastics can take several years to decompose. (b) animals (such as cows)? Answer: D. acrylic The bakelite bubble was first prepared in the early 1920s. Question 68. Some 5,000 years ago, we learned how to make alloys of copper, and the Bronze Age began. (c) Used to make non- stick cookware Answer: In order to achieve this, we must try to do the following: Question 51 A. State two uses of polythene. Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic. Polyester is the synthetic fibre which contains the organic group similar-to those which give fruits their sweet smell. These are used in the manufacturing of toys, combs and different types of containers. The arrangement of units in a plastic can be linear or cross-linked. (iv) Nylon Polymers also occur in nature. Answer: (C) Terylene Welcome to Sarthaks eConnect: A unique platform where students can interact with teachers/experts/students to get solutions to their queries. (A) Electric socket A. wool It is flexible, resistant to moth, oil and chemicals. Answer: Therefore, we must avoid the use of plastic as much as possible. It is widely used in making household items including food containers. 14. It was also used for patriotic wartime jewelry. (c) Fibre C is prepared from a natural raw material. Nylon is the first fully synthetic fibre. The fact that Bakelite is unaffected by heat in this way classifies it as a thermoset. [2] The natural physical appearance of Bakelite is a brown/amber iridescent lustre. Write two uses of Bakelite. In case of thermoplastics, the shape hardens when it is cooled, but can be reshaped when heated up again. Question 1: Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers: (i) Nylon-6,6 (ii) Bakelite (iii) Polystyrene Answer: Question 2: Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers: (i) Glyptal (ii) Teflon (iii)Nylon-6 Answer: Question 3: Write the name and structures of the monomers of the following polymers: (i) Buna-S (ii) Glyptal (iii) Polyvinyl chloride Answer: Question 4: Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers: (i) Nylon-6 (ii) Novolac (iii)B… Modern healthcare would not be possible without the use of plastic materials. Due to such unique properties, synthetic fibres are used to make dress materials. A. flax It can result in choking their respiratory system and can be fatal. State the various ways in which we can avoid (or minimize) the use of plastics. It is used to make electrical switches and handles of utensils. D. it can be dyed in wide variety of colours. B. rayon (c) Acrylic is used as a substitute for wool. Question 71. Thermoplastic materials are made of polymers which are linked by intermolecular forces, forming linear or branched structures. Bakelite was invented in the early twentieth century but it is an important topic of study even in this 21st century. The disposal of plastic wastes is a major problem because of the following reasons: Question 47. (a) for making uniforms of fire-men fire resistant? Temperature and sunlight may also play roles in the decomposition of biodegradable plastics and other materials. C. terylene Bakelite, trademarked synthetic resin invented in 1907 by Belgian-born American chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland. C. Teflon Example: Rayon and Nylon are synthetic fibres. It requires the cutting of a lot of trees which leads to deforestation. Refrigerator liners, food packaging, vending cups. Question 33. It is used to make floor tiles, kitchenware and fire resistant fabrics. Rayon is different from truly synthetic fibres because: Different substitutes of phenol and formaldehyde can also be used depending on the application. Melamine is a thermosetting plastic which is resistant to fire and can tolerate heat better than other plastics. It has the ability to be very lustrous, semi lustrous or dull. They melt on heating. Question 32. Question 44. Therefore, we must avoid the use of plastic as much as possible. The materials which gets decomposed through natural processes, such as by the action of microorganisms are called biodegradable materials. For example, polythene and PVC are thermoplastics. Answer: The plastic which is coated on the uniforms of firemen to make them fire-resistant is: It is the first fully synthetic fibre. B. All rights reserved. On the other hand, thermosetting plastics are those materials that are made by polymers joined together by chemical bonds, having a highly-crosslinked polymer structure. Nylon is the first fully synthetic fibre. Answer: Hence, electric witches, plugs and sockets made of thermosetting plastics. Question 22. For example, Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic which is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. The similarity between artificial silk and cotton is that: C. rayon Which of the two is a thermosetting plastic: PVC or bakelite? Answer: Fabrics made from polyester does not get wrinkled easily. B. rayon (ii) Rayon could be the synthetic fibre C which is made of polymer D containing glucose. The fabric will melt and can stick to the body of the person wearing it. Question 53 B. For example, Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic which is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. Answer: What are thermoplastics? It is used in the following ways: Question 25. It is the man-made fibre which is regarded as artificial silk. Question 75. Rayon is obtained by the chemical treatment of wood pulp or cellulose. Flax is a blue-flowered herbaceous plant that is cultivated for its seed and for textile fiber made from its stalks. Answer: The fabric will melt and can stick to the body of the person wearing it causing severe burns. Plastic is non-reactive. A. it has a silk-like appearance Question 73. Rayon is obtained by the chemical treatment of wood pulp or cellulose. It is used for nonstick coating on cook wares. Why should we not wear clothes made of synthetic fibres (like nylon or polyester) while working in the kitchen? Question 3. Answer: Although rayon is obtained from natural source, wood pulp, yet it is a manmade fibre. Synthetic fibres become more popular than natural fibres because they are cheaper than natural fibres. A. These are made by mixing two types of fibres. D. cotton Hence, a polymer is made of many repeating units. [NCERT] 1. Answer: On the other hand, the raw materials for synthetic fibres are mainly petrochemicals such as coal. 40) State two uses of melamine ? Question 63. It releases lots of poisonous fumes into the atmosphere when burned and causes air pollution. 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